Questions tagged [apple-ii]
The Apple II series of personal computers and related software and hardware. Use [apple-iigs] for the Apple IIgs in particular, or [apple] for Apple hardware in general.
221
questions
2
votes
0answers
61 views
Apple II c repair keyboard and check disk driver error [closed]
I'm new in this forum and I want to say hello to all and sorry my bad English!
I'm trying to repair an Apple II c computer that was stored in my house for many years. When I stored it, like 15 years ...
5
votes
1answer
471 views
Copy content between floppy disks on Apple II
I own an Apple IIe with the Apple DuoDisk device. I've been trying to find out if it is possible to copy content from a floppy disk inserted into the disk 1 slot into a floppy inserted on the disk 2 ...
0
votes
1answer
128 views
How are Apple II address lines mapped to DRAM rows and columns?
The Apple II's MK4096 (4 Kbit) and MK4116 (16 Kbit) DRAM chips have
6 and 7 (respectively) address line inputs that are multiplexed: first the
row address bits and then the column address bits are ...
4
votes
1answer
153 views
Does the Apple II's non-linear frame buffer layout help DRAM refresh?
The Apple II uses non-linear frame buffers for text and graphics. Rather
than storing each line in sequence at
lines 0-23: $400, $428, $450, $480,¹ ..., $7D0
it stores them at
lines 0- 7: $400, $...
6
votes
3answers
360 views
How did Apple IIe software handle 64K bank switching?
The early microcomputers were well served by 8-bit CPUs with 16-bit address bus width, but later generations of these machines tended to run out of address space, and had to resort to some form of ...
5
votes
1answer
334 views
Apple II Assembly DSECT
I'm trying to define a section of data in a program. The Apple 6502 Assembler/Editor mentions an assembler directive called "DSECT" but I can't tell if I'm using it correctly or not. Here is ...
7
votes
2answers
224 views
How did Apple IIc daughtercard expansions work?
I've been doing a lot of reading about the ways Apple IIc owners expanded their machines in the absence of the IIe's slots, and it's very intriguing stuff. The ones that I'm most curious about are the ...
6
votes
1answer
327 views
Why does Applesoft get confused by a nonzero value at $0800?
Applesoft programs start at location $0801 in memory (usually). If you put a nonzero value at address $0800, though, you get an error when you try to run the program:
?SYNTAX ERROR IN 65124
Why does ...
6
votes
1answer
165 views
What determines the amount of space occupied by an Applesoft BASIC program?
I've been writing an Applesoft BASIC program over the last few months or so (IIgs and IIe, ProDOS 2.4.2 with BASIC.SYSTEM v1.6).
My large BASIC program was sitting at something like 51 ProDOS blocks. ...
8
votes
4answers
355 views
Applesoft (pseudo) Random Numbers - alternatives?
What are the alternatives (with examples on how to implement) to Applesoft RND(1) command? I have read of people using a completely different algorithm by poking machine code stored in a DATA ...
6
votes
3answers
761 views
Apple II Toggles between 40 and 80 columns in assembly language (Apple IIc)
To switch from 80-column to 40-column display, what is the difference between the following two actions:
lda #$11
jsr COUT ; $FDED
and
sta $C00C ; 80coloff switch
In the first case, I do not ...
4
votes
1answer
235 views
Apple IIc : displaying HGR page 1 in AUX memory
I need to display HGR page 1 ($2000 to $3FFF) located in AUX memory (not in MAIN memory).
According to the "Apple IIc Reference Manual - Volume 1", page 45, I must first turn 80Store on by ...
2
votes
1answer
206 views
Apple II double buffering and double high resolution
I write programs in assembly language using HGR mode.
For a fluid display, I use the double buffering technique.
Is it possible to use this technique in DHGR (double high resolution)?
If so, I am ...
2
votes
1answer
195 views
How to convert series of hex digits in memory into the format for use with Applesoft math subroutines
I'm trying to write a calculator program in assembly for the Apple //e. I know that there are built-in subroutines for performing all kinds of math operations involving the floating-point accumulator (...
19
votes
2answers
1k views
How did the Apple IIGS automatically slow 5.25 inch disk I/O code for backwards compatability?
Apple II software often used hard-coded timing for 5.25 inch floppy disk I/O, for example to control the duration of each track step or the rate at which bytes are written and read from the disk. ...
5
votes
3answers
258 views
Apple II: ProDOS, zero length prefix and MLI calls
I have a simple program on my Apple IIc written in assembly language. It starts by getting a filename from the user (just the file name, not the full path), then it opens the corresponding file with a ...
5
votes
2answers
620 views
What is the reason of the particular range of the last 4K block of memory selection in Apple II
Following my previous question on Identifying the functionality of the memory select in Apple II and now that I know that the memory select device is simply an interconnection block. Searching for ...
6
votes
2answers
502 views
Identifying the functionality of the memory select IC in Apple II
Three are ICs labeled memory select used in Apple II.
One to apply A6 on the three banks of RAM ICs.
One to generate /RAM_SEL applying the latched RAM output to the data bus.
And one to apply /CAS on ...
3
votes
2answers
257 views
Did any 5.25" floppy drives not based on the Apple Disk II offer quarter-track control
Unlike many drives, the Apple Disk II has inputs that control the individual head stepper coils. These are commonly described as advancing by half-tracks, since advancing a full track requires ...
2
votes
0answers
115 views
Apple II DMA daisy chain also used to arbitrate /INH?
On the Apple II series of computers, peripheral cards contend for bus mastership through a priority daisy-chain system. A peripheral card is only allowed to perform DMA if its DMA_IN line is at logic ...
27
votes
17answers
7k views
How much did the first hard drives for PCs cost?
I would like to know how much early PC hard drives cost but have only been aable to find adjacent or unsourced data.
According to the Centre for Computing History:
The "IBM 5161 Expansion ...
8
votes
1answer
1k views
Why does the Applesoft BASIC have shapes?
Why did Apple include shapes in Applesoft BASIC? There are no sprites on the Apple II, but shapes provide a simple vector drawing tool. As graphics go the shapes are kind of an odd duck, they provide ...
4
votes
2answers
385 views
Was the ProDOS beep part of the kernel or just a commonly duplicated piece of code?
On the Apple II, system beeps were typically just the 'Control-G' beep noise. However, many ProDOS-based applications from Apple Computer abandoned the firmware-based beep routine and instead used a ...
5
votes
2answers
396 views
What were the alternative graphic cards for the Apple II?
In this question, it's mentioned the Apple II's slot 7 was used by third party graphics cards. Is there any documentation on those? What were those cards and what were their capabilities?
2
votes
1answer
192 views
How did VisiCalc decide how many decimal places to display?
VisiCalc represented numbers in BCD to be able to handle decimals precisely. But how did it decide how many decimal places to display?
In some screenshots like https://www.researchgate.net/figure/A-...
10
votes
3answers
2k views
Algorithm for Apple IIe and Apple IIgs boot/start beep
What is algorithms use for boot/start sound (when turn on computer) in Apple IIe and Apple IIgs? I can't find information about Apple boot sound algorithms or where in computer ROM store either ...
5
votes
1answer
135 views
What are the HIFI and MUSIC modes of the RocketChip?
One of the CPU accelerators for the Apple II series is the RocketChip, which came in 5MHz and 10MHz versions. It came with a floppy disk that contained a number of utilities for manipulating the ...
-1
votes
3answers
301 views
I need to find a controller card for an apple II 5.25 inch floppy drive, the 20 pin connector wont work on the 34 pin controller card i have
I cant find any adapters or secondary connectors, can anybody get me a link to a working floppy controller card that works or possibly a connector that goes from 20 pin male to 34 pin female? i have ...
1
vote
0answers
147 views
Frozen horizontal width coil in old CRT monitor
I have an old Apple IIe CRT monitor which could use a small horizontal width adjustment. Unfortunately, as I try to rotate the hex key in the coil with a CRT adjustment tool, it doesn't want to move. ...
1
vote
1answer
116 views
How many different standard boot sectors are there for Apple II DOS 3.3?
When formatting a blank 5¼ disk on an 8-bit Apple II using the INIT command, was there only ever one variation of the boot sector code that was written, or was it updated from time to time over the ...
4
votes
1answer
185 views
Determining which sectors in an Apple II floppy disk/image are used when the boot sector declares more than 1 sectors
The Apple II disk bootstrap process looks at the first byte of track zero sector zero to see how many sectors long the bootstrap code will be. It then loads these sectors at location 0x0800 and jumps ...
2
votes
2answers
191 views
How can the composite out of an Apple II be disabled?
The PC Transporter provides composite out via a cable run to the internal video header of the Apple II. In order to do this, I assume it has to disable the sync and colorburst generators so the Apple ...
2
votes
1answer
128 views
Which Apple II emulators were the first ones each to use the .do and .po "dsk" floppy disk image file formats?
Apple II emulation must have started around 25 years ago but I can't seem to find a history of emulation of the platform.
There are several disk image file formats but for now I'm interested in the ...
3
votes
1answer
275 views
What bug in first version of game Karateka for Apple 2e cause this game reset in Apple 2c?
If I try to start the first version of the game Karateka for Apple IIe on an Apple IIc, the Apple IIc will restart after reading the game from disk after a few seconds. Later versions of Karateka for ...
2
votes
1answer
584 views
How do I read the position of an Apple II joystick?
Many games on the Apple II supported input from the keyboard, joystick, and Sirius Joyport. While reading the keyboard and Joyport are straightforward, getting the joystick's position is not.
How ...
3
votes
1answer
180 views
Converting Apple II ProDOS blocks to DOS tracks and sectors
The 8-bit Apple II had two disk operating systems with different disk access semantics.
DOS used tracks and sectors. A sector is 256 bytes.
ProDOS used blocks. A block is 512 bytes.
But mapping ...
7
votes
2answers
946 views
How can I programmatically determine whether an Apple II .dsk disk image is a DOS .do image or a ProDOS .po image?
I'm interested in working with the most common Apple II disk image file format, .dsk.
(I only programmed these machines briefly in Basic around 1979-81 and have not been in the emulator scene, so I'm ...
6
votes
2answers
310 views
How to get out of Apple IIe mode on Macintosh Color Classic?
I just picked-up a Macintosh Color Classic with an Apple IIe card. I've never used one of these before but was able to get it to enter into Apple IIe mode. However, I cannot seem to figure out how to ...
4
votes
1answer
165 views
How was the second bank of Apple IIc ROM accessed?
The original Apple IIc had a 27128 16 KB ROM mapped into the
$C100-$FFFF range (the $C000 page was decoded for I/O). According to
the Apple IIc Technical Reference Manual the ROMEN1*
and ROMEN2* ...
4
votes
2answers
1k views
How to get into Apple BASIC prompt on an Apple IIc?
I just picked up a used Apple IIc. For some reason all I get when I boot is Check Disk Drive on the screen, even with a bootable disk in the internal drive:
I cannot even get the system to read the ...
7
votes
2answers
981 views
How long should I expect the Apple IIc self test to run?
I purchased a vintage Apple IIc computer and I want to make sure there are no failing components. I booted up the computer while pressing both Apple keys (open and close) at the same time. The ...
3
votes
1answer
171 views
Please Identify this Apple II Diagnostic Message: "IOU FLAG E5: 1 2 3 4 8"
Does anybody know the meaning of this message from the Apple IIe diagnostic?
IOU FLAG E5: 1 2 3 4 8
What are addressing the 1 2 3 4 8?
I’m pretty sure that IOU is the I/O chip, E5 is the location ...
10
votes
1answer
338 views
6502 False Reads and Apple II I/O
The 6502 series of CPUs has an
interesting quirk:
indexed loads and stores may perform a "false read", reading from the
target address or a different address on a previous page. There are
situations, ...
13
votes
1answer
597 views
Odd tokenizing in Integer BASIC
While researching the underpinnings of Integer BASIC (IB), I came across an oddity I'm hoping someone can explain.
Unlike MS-derived systems, IB converted numeric constants to their 16-bit ...
3
votes
2answers
277 views
Why did the Apple Disk II version 3.3 change the boot protocol?
From what I understand, early versions of the Disk Controller II required that there never be two or more consecutive bit times without a phase transition (which would read as "0") but an upgrade to ...
8
votes
1answer
303 views
Did the Apple II Integer BASIC use SWEET16?
In the Byte magazine article that Woz wrote about the Apple II (Vol 2, No 5), on page 43's last paragraph he mentioned how SWEET16 was useful and he estimated that about 20% of the Integer BASIC code ...
7
votes
2answers
564 views
How do you use the INHIBIT pin on the Apple II bus?
Pin 32 of the Apple II bus is a signal called /INH (short for "INHIBIT"). Some of what I found online about using this pin for an Apple II expansion card suggests it was inconsistently implemented ...
4
votes
0answers
182 views
How can I connect a PIA or VIA chip to the Apple IIc?
I have an early Apple IIc, model A2S4000 with the 342-0272 motherboard
and ROM 255. (I am considering upgrading the ROM, perhaps with a
switch that would let me switch between different ROM versions.)
...
8
votes
2answers
835 views
Are there standalone emulators of Applesoft Basic?
My only retrocomputing desire is to program in Applesoft Basic and relive the Apple II days from the 1980's. Playing games is of no particular interest to me. I just want to use a keyboard, not a ...
6
votes
2answers
302 views
Why does _Beneath Apple DOS_ show FM encoding rather than GCR?
From the beginning in 1978 the Apple II floppy disk system used GCR
encoding to convert data bytes to sequences of binary values to
be written to the diskette: first 4-and-4 encoding (never released),
...