Questions tagged [firmware]

for questions about firmware on retrocomputing hardware

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18 votes
5 answers
3k views

When did wear leveling in flash storage come up?

I think most modern flash drives (from SATA disks to USB drives) have some kind of wear leveling. Normally a block (small amount of bytes) in a flash chip cannot be erased and programed an unlimited ...
7 votes
0 answers
310 views

Origin of Cisco-like CLI?

Loads and wagons of networking devices all over the world use the same manner for commandline interface (CLI). First I met it in 1990s at Cisco devices (switches, routers...) which used Cisco IOS. It ...
9 votes
1 answer
680 views

Which generations of PowerPC did Windows NT 4 run on?

In a blog entry at The Old New Thing, Raymond Chen states that Windows NT first started supporting the 603 and 604 series of PowerPC processors. Was there a specific firmware version which was needed ...
9 votes
1 answer
391 views

Trying to create a filesystem ROM for Amstrad CPC but tape is still waiting

Some background: I want to create a CPC MicroSD interface, so my first step is trying to hook the CAS* jumpblock entries just like AMSDOS and other DOSes do. My first goal is to override CAS CATALOG ...
12 votes
2 answers
3k views

Are BIOS ROMs interchangeable among different vendor's PCs?

For PC/AT, 80386, and 80486 machines from the late-1980s through early 1990s (e.g. retro machines, not modern), can you expect to pull a BIOS ROM from one machine and have it work fine in a different ...
3 votes
2 answers
301 views

How exactly does the Apple II monitor set and use the "last opened" and "next changable" locations?

Chapter 3 of the Apple II Reference Manual describes the machine-language Monitor. On page 41 it describes certain remembered locations: The Monitor remembers the addresses of up to five locations. ...
15 votes
2 answers
1k views

What is this code on the zero page that was put there by the BASIC ROM?

(question copied from SO (from the days before RC.SE existed): http://stackoverflow.com/q/31877835/477476) Zero-page memory maps of the PET that I've found claim that the zero page address range$00C2....