Questions tagged [interrupt]
For questions regarding processor interrupt signals on retrocomputing hardware
43
questions
8
votes
1
answer
570
views
Z80 interrupt acknowledging
I have a question about the Z80 interrupt handling.
This processor has 3 modes: 0, 1, and 2.
Modes 0 and 2 are supposed to fetch something from the data bus, and a protocol exists to inform the ...
- 213
8
votes
2
answers
2k
views
Can the Z80 Bus Request be used as an NMI?
I was reading the Z80's official manual by Zilog, and there's a passage in the description for the BUSREQ pin that states "Bus Request contains a higher priority than
NMI and is always recognized ...
- 83
5
votes
5
answers
417
views
Chaining IRQs in x86 ROM code
Objective Summary: I need to write a sleep() function to be used in 8088 (PC/XT ISA) ROM code with 1 ms resolution. Though the question can be more generalized to chaining INTs with data in different ...
- 1,267
23
votes
3
answers
3k
views
How does the BIOS distinguish Interrupt(08h-12h) from INT instructions, vs. actual exceptions inside the CPU?
This is purely academic, out of date, out of curiosity. Let's go back to the 1990s, before Windows, when real-mode DOS programs were common.
The BIOS assigned INT 08H+ for their own interrupt handlers,...
- 333
5
votes
1
answer
379
views
Z80 CPU and nested/reentrant NMI
According to multiple documentation sources, non-maskable interrupts (NMIs) can be nested (or reentrant) in a Z80 microprocessor.
This is, upon a /NMI signal pulse, the CPU will interrupt the current ...
- 51
2
votes
1
answer
217
views
Timer B Interrupt occurs only once
I was following this tutorial on Commodore 64 timer interrupts and tried to replicate it (except all I was planning on doing was changing the border color.) I noticed that my interrupt only occurs ...
- 1,566
1
vote
1
answer
286
views
How does RETN return from NMI on the Z80 in the event of nested NMI?
I was trying to learn how the Sega Master System works. The NMI occurs when the pause button on the console is pressed. So I wrote an NMI handler that makes a beep when the NMI occurs, then waits for ...
- 1,566
5
votes
1
answer
420
views
What kind of graphics hardware did Nichibutsu's 1985 arcade game "MagMax" use?
The arcade game MagMax by Nichibutsu came out in 1985 and features for its time an impressive 3D scrolling effect which, in my observation, is not widely discussed yet, although it should be ...
- 1,069
15
votes
4
answers
3k
views
How was the real-time clock implemented in the original IBM PC and PC/XT?
I know that the IBM PC/AT added a battery backed real-time clock chip that independently maintained time whether the system was powered or not. I've also seen many of those big DS1287 clock chips on ...
- 1,521
17
votes
3
answers
2k
views
Why can't I invoke the next interrupt service by incrementing the AX register after calling the same interrupt?
I have two snippets of 8086 assembly code, both of which are supposed to do the same thing: make the mouse appear on the screen.
Show_Mouse:
push ax
mov ax,0 ;Reset Mouse
int 33h
...
- 1,566
4
votes
3
answers
336
views
What would be the value on the data bus for a Jupiter ACE with the Z80 Interrupt Mode 2?
I am writing an emulator for the Jupiter ACE. I assumed the idle bus value would be 0xFF like the ZX Spectrum. Other emulators for the Jupiter ACE seem to assume the same. If there are no peripherals ...
- 143
7
votes
2
answers
857
views
Did any ZX Spectrum clones use the Z80's interrupt mode zero?
The standard Sinclair ZX Spectrum only used mode 1 and mode 2 interrupts but the Z80 also has a mode 0 interrupt that the original Speccy never used.
But there were many exotic clones of the ZX ...
- 5,976
6
votes
3
answers
1k
views
How long are interrupt requests remembered on the Amstrad CPC?
I'm trying to emulate an Amstrad CPC 464. Currently, I'm working on interrupt handling and I'm wondering: Some Z80 instructions, like EI or decoding multiple consecutive 0xdd prefixes don't accept ...
- 497
3
votes
0
answers
280
views
How did commercial GBA games sample the button state?
For the GBA, I am under the impression that there are two ways to detect a button event:
Enable IRQs and set up a handler for the button event
Get a button's state (via the input bitmap) during the ...
- 1,939
6
votes
1
answer
244
views
Chaining IRQ's with BASIC & Kernal routines turned off
Having disabled BASIC and Kernal routines I set up an IRQ to run the following code when the raster line reaches 200:
.irq1
inc 53280 // change border colour
// lda #$ff // clear the ...
user16295
3
votes
2
answers
578
views
Z80: Interrupt (IM2) daisy chain for "foreign" peripherals
I'm looking for a way (apart from manually wiring up Fig.15 of The Z80 Family Program Interrupt Structure) to daisy chain "non-Z80-family" devices in an IM2 Z80 system i'm designing.
So far ...
- 223
12
votes
2
answers
2k
views
BIOS interrupts vs Hardware interrupts
On an x86 chip running in Real Mode, interrupts are resolved with the help of the IVT (Interrupt Vector Table), which is an array located at address 0000h:0000h that consists of 256 entries, 32-bit ...
- 1,729
3
votes
0
answers
136
views
Zenith Data Systems laptop with Timer Interrupt Error
I have an old Zenith “laptop” that runs on an 80c88 processor, and apparently was manufactured around 1985. It’s quite a beast of a laptop - size and weight, rather than computing power!.
...
- 99
6
votes
2
answers
496
views
Were any M68000 systems capable of generating a "spurious interrupt"?
When an interrupt occurs on a Motorola 68000-family processor, it enters an interrupt acknowledge state, which continues until one of three signals are asserted:
An external device places the ...
- 15.5k
9
votes
2
answers
455
views
(Lack of) identifying IRQ sources in C64 interrupt handlers
I'm trying to learn about C64 interrupt handling (with the goal of putting it in practice). My understanding is that interrupts can be triggered by different sources but there is only one interrupt ...
- 245
3
votes
4
answers
770
views
Is the ZX Spectrum multithread capable? [closed]
I know the spectrum had the IM2 mode, but can I start multiple threads running simultaneously?
Like to play sounds, watch the keyboard, and other tasks who can be runned simultaneous.
14
votes
2
answers
916
views
Does the Z80 allow interrupts after processing and ignoring a 0xdd prefix?
I read here that if the Z80 encounters e.g. multiple 0xdd prefixes in sequence, for each 0xxdd except the last it acts almost like a NOP, but does not allow interrupts to occur immediately after "...
- 497
3
votes
2
answers
340
views
What's the Motorola microprocessor with two sets of registers to avoid costly context switch?
I remember reading somewhere (maybe on Hacker News or Lobsters) that Motorola made a microprocessor some decades ago with two sets of registers. This means when handling an interrupt, it does not need ...
- 131
4
votes
2
answers
455
views
6502 interrupts when RDY is low
If the NMI line goes from high to low when the RDY is low, is the NMI detected, so that when RDY goes high, NMI is performed ?
Or is the NMI discarded when it occurs when RDY is low ?
(In case of ...
- 389
7
votes
1
answer
335
views
Importance of obeying Apple II IRQ priority
In the Apple II, DMA and IRQ priority is determined by a daisy-chain system, in which a card may only assert an IRQ or perform DMA when all higher-priority cards allow it.
I understand the importance ...
- 783
15
votes
1
answer
800
views
Why didn't Wozniak's interrupts work on the Apple I monitor program?
In his autobiography, Steve Wozniak recounts[1] his difficulty getting interrupts working on the 6502 microprocessor:
The next step was to debug the 256-byte monitor program on the PROMs. I spent ...
- 17.2k
17
votes
1
answer
2k
views
How does single-stepping on the 8086 interact with internal and external interrupts?
The 1979 version of the 8086 family user's manual is available at different places in the internet, see 1,2,3. It seems there is no newer version available. This manual documents the single-stepping ...
- 6,783
29
votes
3
answers
6k
views
What are uses of the byte after BRK instruction on 6502?
The BRK instruction on the MOS 6502 seems to be one of the more
ill-documented features of the processor. The 1976 preliminary data
sheet from MOS indicates that it's a 1-byte instruction using
the &...
- 23k
17
votes
7
answers
3k
views
8086 stack segment and avoiding overflow in interrupts
This is a followup to Could the Intel 8086 CPU have many segments in memory of the same type?
In the event of a hardware interrupt or user interrupt through the INT instruction, was there a risk that ...
- 1,005
3
votes
3
answers
527
views
Interrupt pin type on the 6502
I have a really basic question. I have to design an 65C02-based personal computer for a school project. I have to draw my own footprint for the 65C02. My question is what type of pin is the IRQB (...
19
votes
4
answers
2k
views
Did the IBM PC use the 8088's NMI line?
As I understand it, the Intel 8088 CPU used in the original IBM PC had two interrupt lines: INTR and NMI. INTR was fed from the Intel 8259 Programmable Interrupt Controller, which handled the IRQs ...
- 1,521
6
votes
4
answers
3k
views
How does the Z80 determine which peripheral sent an interrupt?
My understanding of how interrupts (and more specifically, interrupt daisy-chaining) works in the Z80 is limited, to say the least, so if I get anything wrong please correct me.
Anyway, let's say I ...
- 425
9
votes
3
answers
1k
views
Why do we need to acknowledge the interrupt from VIC-II?
A page on how to do raster interrupts includes the following code
Irq: LDA #7
STA $D020 ; Turn screen frame yellow
LDX #90
Pause: DEX
BNE Pause ; Empty loop that &...
- 36.1k
3
votes
1
answer
488
views
Is it possible to switch the interrupt source of the C64 to VIC without changing the IRQ routine?
The ROM IRQ routine at $EA31 is usually trigggered by the timer interrupt 60 times a second. Is it possible to switch the interrupt source to VIC and still use the same routine? If yes, which memory ...
- 4,337
4
votes
2
answers
325
views
Does the Intersil 6100 do interrupts differently from other PDP-8s?
As I recall, the original PDP-8 actually does a jsr 0000 when an interrupt happens, so that the interrupt service routine started at address 0001. I think that saves a few gates, since the instruction ...
- 36.1k
7
votes
5
answers
1k
views
What stops an IO device from driving the databus longer than the CPU expects?
For example, consider the case of handling an INT interrupt signal in the Z80. When the CPU makes the IORQ signal active, it expects the requesting IO device to place a vector onto on the databus. And ...
- 1,965
10
votes
3
answers
2k
views
Why do they use CLI in an IRQ routine?
I am studying an FLI routine in http://codebase64.org/doku.php?id=base:fli_displayer and I noticed that the CLI instruction is being used in this IRQ routine:
irq0: pha
...
cli ; &...
- 311
5
votes
4
answers
1k
views
Intel 8080 and Altair 8800. 256 I/O ports, but only 7 free RST (interrupt subroutines) — how does it work?
I have seen the video Altair 8800 - Interrupt Acknowledge Cycle and I have a few questions (I have read Wikipedia’s Intel 8080 article, the Altair 8800 Operator's manual, Charles Petzold "Code&...
- 285
6
votes
3
answers
447
views
What is the FPD bit on the PDP-10?
When an interrupt happens on a PDP-10, as on many other architectures you get the program counter pushed onto the stack. Actually, the program counter includes many status bits in the upper half of ...
- 36.1k
5
votes
2
answers
1k
views
How can a C64 interrupt let the KERNAL keep operating?
I am working on a loading screen, and what I wanted was a simple raster trick (just change the border colour on the bottom half of the screen),
and also call the KERNAL to load some more data from a ...
- 36.1k
10
votes
2
answers
1k
views
Did the VIC-20 support raster scanline tricks like the Commodore 64?
I've been programming the C64 on/off for over 30 years (wow). However, I have a few VIC-20's I want to program. I never had a VIC-20 as a kid so I haven't had much exposure to them.
Am I correct in ...
- 8,201
17
votes
1
answer
405
views
Did any Mockingboard game use the VIA timers or interrupts?
There were only a small number of games that supported any of the Apple II sound cards such as the Mockingboard.
From those games that used the Mockingboard, did any of them utilize the on-board VIA'...
- 8,201
11
votes
1
answer
2k
views
Timing interrupts on MS-DOS
On the ZX Spectrum, you get an interrupt every frame. As I recall, the operating system uses this to periodically scan the keyboard and probably other things also, but you can have your own routine ...
- 36.1k