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The Intel x86 family of architectures in general. Contemporary systems are OFF-TOPIC! Use the specific architecture’s tag if applicable.

24 votes
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Did any x86 CPU optionally trap unaligned access?

-x86-64 (setting AC, or using UBSAN) Performance of byte and unaligned-word stores on non-x86 CPUs that support them See Are there any modern CPUs where a cached byte store is actually slower than a … and x86-64. …
Peter Cordes's user avatar
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32 votes
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How can a 32-bit x86 CPU start with reset vector 0xFFFFFFF0 even though it starts in 16-bit ...

When x86 boots, it's not strictly in classic real mode, it's in "unreal" mode, with CS.base = 0xFFFF0000 and CS.limit = 64K. … Duplicate on Stack Overflow: Software initialization code at 0xFFFFFFF0H There are some other x86 bootup questions on SO, since modern x86's reset state is unchanged from 386. …
Peter Cordes's user avatar
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20 votes

Was there a different 64-bit design for x86 from Intel?

Even before Intel management saw which way the wind was blowing, Intel CPU architects had built "our own internal version of x86-64" into Pentium 4. … Bob Colwell on Quora in 2023 Intel’s Pentium 4 had our own internal version of x86–64. …
Peter Cordes's user avatar
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56 votes
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The start of x86: Intel 8080 vs Intel 8086?

Modern x86 CPUs are binary compatible with 8086. You can literally run 8086 binaries on a modern PC, in real mode. … Or x86 protected (and long) mode with far calls between 16-bit and 32-bit (and 64-bit) code segments. …
Peter Cordes's user avatar
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